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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 85, No. 5, 1320-1326, May 2007
© 2007 American Society for Nutrition

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

trans Octadecenoic acid and trans octadecadienoic acid are inversely related to long-chain polyunsaturates in human milk: results of a large birth cohort study 1,2,3

Éva Szabó, Günther Boehm, Christopher Beermann, Maria Weyermann, Hermann Brenner, Dietrich Rothenbacher and Tamás Decsi

1 From the Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary (ÉS and TD); Numico Research, Friedrichsdorf, Germany (GB and CB); Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (MW, HB, and DR); Sophia Children Hospital, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands (GB)

Background: Several observational studies indicate that trans isomeric fatty acids may interfere with the metabolism of essential fatty acids in the human organism.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the relation between trans fatty acids and long-chain polyunsaturates in mature human milk.

Design: Human milk samples (n = 769) were obtained at the 6th week of lactation from mothers participating in a birth cohort study in Germany. The fatty acid composition of the milk samples was measured by high-resolution capillary gas-liquid chromatography.

Results: trans Octadecenoic and trans octadecadienoic acids were inversely correlated with linoleic acid (r = –0.32 and –0.33, P < 0.0001 for both), {alpha}-linolenic acid (r = –0.35 and –0.27, P < 0.0001), arachidonic acid (r = –0.60 and –0.47, P < 0.0001), and docosahexaenoic acid (r = –0.51 and –0.33, P < 0.0001). In contrast, no inverse correlations were observed between trans hexadecenoic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Conclusions: The data obtained in the present study suggest that the availability of 18-carbon trans isomeric fatty acids may be inversely related to the availability of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in mature human milk.

Key Words: Arachidonic acid • docosahexaenoic acid • essential fatty acids • long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids • trans fatty acids






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