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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 86, No. 3, 625-632, September 2007
© 2007 American Society for Nutrition

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

The 24-h carbohydrate oxidation rate in a human respiratory chamber predicts ad libitum food intake1,2,3

Nicola Pannacciulli, Arline D Salbe, Emilio Ortega, Colleen A Venti, Clifton Bogardus and Jonathan Krakoff

1 From the Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix, AZ

Background: The 24-h respiratory quotient (24-h RQ) and 24-h carbohydrate balance (24-h CHO-Bal) are predictors of weight change. Whether these relations are mediated by the effects of substrate oxidation and balance on food intake is not known.

Objective: We tested whether substrate oxidation and balance predict future ad libitum food intake.

Design: Substrate oxidation and balance were measured in a respiratory chamber in 112 normoglycemic subjects (83 Pima Indians and 29 whites; 67 men and 45 women) in energy balance for 3 d before tests were performed. The subjects then self-selected their food ad libitum for the following 3 d.

Results: The 24-h RQ, 24-h carbohydrate oxidation (24-h CHO-Ox), and 24-h CHO-Bal in the respiratory chamber predicted subsequent ad libitum food intake over 3 d (as a percentage of weight maintenance energy needs; %EN-WM). The 24-h CHO-Ox explained 15% of the variance in %EN-WM. The weight change over the 3-d ad libitum period was associated positively with 24-h CHO-Ox and negatively with 24-h CHO-Bal in the chamber; these associations were no longer significant after adjustment for %EN-WM.

Conclusion: Carbohydrate oxidation and balance predict subsequent ad libitum food intake and can influence short-term weight changes, which indicates that carbohydrate balance is a contributing metabolic factor affecting food intake.

Key Words: Substrate oxidation • nutrient balance • food intake • body weight regulation






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