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Lycopene supplementation elevates circulating insulin-like growth factor–binding protein-1 and -2 concentrations in persons at greater risk of colorectal cancer^1,2,3

¹ From the Division of Experimental Therapy (AV and DWV) and the Departments of Epidemiology (DWV, FEvL, and MAR), Clinical Chemistry (JMB and CMK), Gastroenterology and Hepatology (AC), and Pathology (LJvV), The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; the Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands (JvD); the Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands (ACD); the Department of Gastroenterology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, Netherlands (RT); the Department of Gastroenterology, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Ede, Netherlands (BJW); and the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (EK)

Background: Higher circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations have been related to a greater risk of cancer. Lycopene intake is inversely associated with cancer risk, and experimental studies have shown that it may affect the IGF system, possibly through an effect on IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs).

Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of an 8-wk supplementation with tomato-derived lycopene (30 mg/d) on serum concentrations of total IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3.

Design: We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study in 40 men and 31 postmenopausal women with a family history of colorectal cancer, a personal history of colorectal adenoma, or both.

Results: Lycopene supplementation significantly (P = 0.01) increased serum IGFBP-1 concentrations in women (median relative difference between serum IGFBP-1 concentrations after lycopene supplementation and after placebo, 21.7%). Serum IGFBP-2 concentrations were higher in both men and women after lycopene supplementation than after placebo, but to a lesser extent (mean relative difference 8.2%; 95% CI: 0.7%, 15.6% in men and 7.8%; 95% CI: –5.0%, 20.6% in women). Total IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 concentrations were not significantly altered by lycopene supplementation.

Conclusions: This is the first study known to show that lycopene supplementation may increase circulating IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 concentrations. Because of high interindividual variations in IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 effects, these results should be confirmed in larger randomized intervention studies.

Key Words: Lycopene • intervention • colorectal cancer • IGF-I • IGFBPs