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Alkylresorcinols as biomarkers of whole-grain wheat and rye intake: plasma concentration and intake estimated from dietary records^1,2,3

¹ From the Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agriculture Science (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden (RL, AK-E, and PA), and the Department of Public Health & Caring Science and Geriatrics, Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala, Sweden (AA and BV)

Background:Alkylresorcinols (ARs), phenolic lipids exclusively present in the outer parts of wheat and rye grains, have been proposed as specific dietary biomarkers of whole-grain wheat and rye intake.

Objective:The objective was to validate plasma ARs as a biomarker of whole-grain wheat and rye intakes by studying the correlation between their plasma concentration and intake calculated from food records.

Design:In a randomized crossover study, 22 women and 8 men were given a defined amount of either whole-grain or refined-cereal-grain products to be included in their habitual diets for two 6-wk periods. Blood samples were collected and food intakes were recorded before and after each intervention period.

Results:Plasma AR concentrations were significantly higher after the whole-grain diet period than after the refined-grain period (P < 0.0001) and were well correlated with average daily AR intake estimated by self-reported weighed food records (Spearman's r = 0.58, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:Plasma AR concentrations are correlated with intake assessed by food records, which suggests that ARs are selective nutritional biomarkers for the intake of whole-grain wheat and rye.

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Are alkylresorcinols accurate biomarkers for whole grain intake?

Rob M van Dam and Frank B Hu
AJCN 2008 87: 797-798. [Full Text]  

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