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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 88, No. 2, 541S-544S, August 2008
© 2008 American Society for Nutrition

Vitamin D and Health in the 21st Century: an Update

Vitamin D and calcium interactions: functional outcomes1,2,3,4

Robert P Heaney

1 From Creighton University, Omaha, NE

ABSTRACT

I present the results of published studies and original data and describe the functional outcomes of effects related to the interaction between vitamin D status and calcium intake. These effects fall into 3 broad categories: 1) synergistic effects of vitamin D status and calcium intake on calcium absorption; 2) effects of calcium intake on vitamin D status; and 3) largely observational data suggesting an association between calcium and vitamin D status and nonskeletal outcomes, such as cancer. To a considerable extent, both vitamin D status and the benefits associated therewith appear to be dependent on, or at least augmented by, calcium intakes at or above currently recommended levels.






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Copyright © 2008 by The American Society for Nutrition