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Dairy calcium supplementation in overweight or obese persons: its effect on markers of fat metabolism^1,2,3

¹ From the Institute of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (MB, SR, PS, and LT); INSERM U870 and INRA UMR1235, Lyon University, Oullins, France (HV and EL); and the Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland (KJA)

Background: Dairy calcium supplementation has been proposed to increase fat oxidation and to inhibit lipogenesis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of calcium supplementation on markers of fat metabolism.

Design: In a placebo-controlled, crossover experiment, 10 overweight or obese subjects who were low calcium consumers received 800 mg dairy Ca/d for 5 wk. After 4 wk, adipose tissue was taken for biopsy for analysis of gene expression. Respiratory exchange, glycerol turnover, and subcutaneous adipose tissue microdialysis were performed for 7 h after consumption of 400 mg Ca or placebo, and the ingestion of either randomized slow-release caffeine (SRC; 300 mg) or lactose (500 mg). One week later, the test was repeated with the SRC or lactose crossover.

Results: Calcium supplementation increased urinary calcium excretion by 16% (P = 0.017) but did not alter plasma parathyroid hormone or osteocalcin concentrations. Resting energy expenditure (59.9 ± 3.0 or 59.6 ± 3.3 kcal/h), fat oxidation (58.4 ± 2.5 or 53.8 ± 2.2 mg/min), plasma free fatty acid concentrations (0.63 ± 0.02 or 0.62 ± 0.03 mmol/L), and glycerol turnover (3.63 ± 0.41 or 3.70 ± 0.38 µmol · kg^–1 · min^–1) were similar with or without calcium, respectively. SRC significantly increased free fatty acid concentrations, resting fat oxidation, and resting energy expenditure. During microdialysis, epinephrine increased dialysate glycerol concentrations by 250% without and 254% with calcium. Expression of 7 key metabolic genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue was not affected by calcium supplementation.

Conclusion: Dairy calcium supplementation in overweight subjects with habitually low calcium intakes failed to alter fat metabolism and energy expenditure under resting conditions and during acute stimulation by caffeine or epinephrine.

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The role of calcium in energy balance and obesity: the search for mechanisms

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				A. Astrup The role of calcium in energy balance and obesity: the search for mechanisms Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2008; 88(4): 873 - 874. [Full Text] [PDF]