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High-fructose corn syrup, energy intake, and appetite regulation^1,2,3,4

¹ From Rippe Lifestyle Institute, Shrewsbury, MA, and Celebration Health, FL (TJA, VN, LZ, and JMR); the Center for Lifestyle Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (TJA, JL, and JMR); and the Department of Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (KJM)

² Presented at the American Society for Nutrition Public Information Committee symposium "High-Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS): Everything You Wanted to Know, but Were Afraid to Ask," held at Experimental Biology 2007 in Washington, DC, 30 April 2007.

³ Supported by PepsiCo North America.

⁴ Address reprint requests to TJ Angelopoulos, Rippe Lifestyle Institute, 21 North Quinsigamond Avenue, Shrewsbury, MA 01545. E-mail: tangelop{at}mail.ucf.edu.

ABSTRACT

High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) has been implicated in excess weight gain through mechanisms seen in some acute feeding studies and by virtue of its abundance in the food supply during years of increasing obesity. Compared with pure glucose, fructose is thought to be associated with insufficient secretion of insulin and leptin and suppression of ghrelin. However, when HFCS is compared with sucrose, the more commonly consumed sweetener, such differences are not apparent, and appetite and energy intake do not differ in the short-term. Longer-term studies on connections between HFCS, potential mechanisms, and body weight have not been conducted. The main objective of this review was to examine collective data on associations between consumption of HFCS and energy balance, with particular focus on energy intake and its regulation.

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