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Am J Clin Nutr 90: 177-183, 2009. First published May 20, 2009; doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27268
 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27268
Vol. 90, No. 1, 177-183, July 2009
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© 2009 American Society for Clinical Nutrition

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

Dietary screening tool identifies nutritional risk in older adults1,2,3

Regan L Bailey, Paige E Miller, Diane C Mitchell, Terryl J Hartman, Frank R Lawrence, Christopher T Sempos and Helen Smiciklas-Wright

1 From the Office of Dietary Supplements, the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (RLB and CTS); the Department of Nutritional Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (PEM, DCM, TJH, and HS-W); and the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (FRL).

2 Supported by NIH grant no. R21AG023179-01A1, USDA grant no. 58-1950-6019, USDA grant no. 58-1950-4-401, and National Institute on Aging training grant no. T32AG00048.

3 Address reprint requests and correspondence to RL Bailey, Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Boulevard., 2B03, Bethesda, MD 20892-7517. E-mail: baileyr{at}mail.nih.gov.

Background: No rapid methods exist for screening overall dietary intakes in older adults.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a scoring system for a diet screening tool to identify nutritional risk in community-dwelling older adults.

Design: This cross-sectional study in older adults (n = 204) who reside in rural areas examined nutrition status by using an in-person interview, biochemical measures, and four 24-h recalls that included the use of dietary supplements.

Results: The dietary screening tool was able to characterize 3 levels of nutritional risk: at risk, possible risk, and not at risk. Individuals classified as at nutritional risk had significantly lower indicators of diet quality (Healthy Eating Index and Mean Adequacy Ratio) and intakes of protein, most micronutrients, dietary fiber, fruit, and vegetables. The at-risk group had higher intakes of fats and oils and refined grains. The at-risk group also had the lowest serum vitamin B-12, folate, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin concentrations. The not-at-nutritional-risk group had significantly higher lycopene and β-carotene and lower homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations.

Conclusion: The dietary screening tool is a simple and practical tool that can help to detect nutritional risk in older adults.






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