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Differential functional magnetic resonance imaging response to food pictures in successful weight-loss maintainers relative to normal-weight and obese controls^1,2,3,4

¹ From the Miriam Hospital and Brown Medical School, Providence, RI (JMM, MRC, and RRW); the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX (APH); Butler Hospital and Brown Medical School, Providence, RI (LHS); California Polytechnic Institute, San Luis Obispo, CA (SP); the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN (HAR); and Pfizer Inc, New York, NY (ADP).

² A version of this article was presented as an abstract at the 2008 annual meeting of The Obesity Society in Phoenix, AZ.

³ Supported by the National Institutes for Health (R01 DK066787-02S2).

⁴ Address correspondence to JM McCaffery, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, 196 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903. E-mail: jeanne_mccaffery{at}brown.edu.

Background: Prior research indicates that successful weight-loss maintainers (SWLs) work harder than people of normal weight to maintain their weight loss, including greater dietary restriction of fat and higher physical activity levels. However, little work to date has examined how SWLs differ biologically from normal-weight (NW) and obese controls.

Objective: The objective was to compare the brain responses of SWLs to food pictures with those of NW and obese controls.

Design: Blood oxygen level–dependent responses to high- and low-energy food pictures were measured in 18 NW controls, 16 obese controls, and 17 SWLs.

Results: Group differences were identified in 4 regions, which indicated significant change in activation in response to the food pictures. SWLs showed greater activation in the left superior frontal region and right middle temporal region than did NW and obese controls—a pattern of results confirmed in exploratory voxel-wise analyses. Obese controls also showed greater activation in a bilateral precentral region.

Conclusions: These results suggest that SWLs show greater activation in frontal regions and primary and secondary visual cortices—a pattern consistent with greater inhibitory control in response to food cues and greater visual attention to the food cues. A greater engagement of inhibitory control regions in response to food cues as well as a greater monitoring of foods may promote control of food intake and successful weight-loss maintenance.

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In search of the basis of successful maintenance of weight loss

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				I. A Macdonald In search of the basis of successful maintenance of weight loss Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2009; 90(4): 908 - 909. [Full Text] [PDF]