HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 90/5/1329    most recent ajcn.2009.27718v1 Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Google Scholar Articles by Schröder, H. Articles by Covas, M.-I. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Schröder, H. Articles by Covas, M.-I. Agricola Articles by Schröder, H. Articles by Covas, M.-I.

Alcohol consumption is associated with high concentrations of urinary hydroxytyrosol^1,2,3,4

¹ From the CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (HS, RdlT, RE, DC, JS-S, ER, GF, MF, JL, and M-IC); the Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research (HS, JV, and M-IC) and the Human Pharmacology and Neurosciences Research Group (RdlT, EC, and MF), Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM-Hospital del Mar), Barcelona, Spain; the Department of Internal Medicine (RE) and Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (ER), Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; the Departments of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (DC) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (GS), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MAM-G); the Human Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (JS-S); the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txangorritxu, Vitoria, Spain (FA); the Primary Health Care Division, Barcelona, Spain (GF); the Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (MF); the Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine of Malaga, Malaga, Spain (JF-C); the Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Seville, Spain (VR-G); and the Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Seville, San Pablo Health Center, Seville, Spain (JL).

² HS and RdlT contributed equally to the study, and each can be regarded as first authors of this article.

³ Supported by the Spanish Network RD06/0045/0000 (ISCIII) and Sistema Nacional de Salud contracts (CP 03/00115 and CP06/00100) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and partially supported by the Generalitat of Catalunya (2005 SGR 00577). The CIBEROBN is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

⁴ Address correspondence to M-I Covas, Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM-Hospital del Mar), Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: mcovas{at}imim.es.

for the PREDIMED Study Investigators

Background: Previously, we reported the presence of hydroxytyrosol in red wine and higher human urinary recovery of total hydroxytyrosol than that expected after a single red wine intake. We hypothesized that the alcohol present in wine could promote endogenous hydroxytyrosol generation.

Objective: The objective was to assess the relation between alcohol consumption and urinary hydroxytyrosol concentrations.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study with baseline data from a subsample of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial, an intervention study directed at testing the efficacy of the Mediterranean diet on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Participants included 1045 subjects, aged 55–80 y, who were at high cardiovascular risk. Alcohol consumption was estimated through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Urinary hydroxytyrosol and ethyl glucuronide, a biomarker of alcohol consumption, were measured.

Results: Urinary ethyl glucuronide concentrations were directly related to alcohol and wine consumption (P < 0.001) as well as to urinary hydroxytyrosol in both sexes (P < 0.001). The degree of alcohol consumption was directly associated with urinary hydroxytyrosol in male alcohol consumers (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed a significant linear trend (P < 0.05) for elevated hydroxytyrosol concentrations with an increase in alcohol consumption. Intakes of >20 g (2 drinks)/d and >10 g (1 drink)/d alcohol in men and women, respectively, were associated (P < 0.05) with elevated concentrations of hydroxytyrosol.

Conclusions: We report for the first time a direct association between urinary hydroxytyrosol and alcohol consumption at a population level. These findings reinforce previous work in human and animal models that examines wine as a source of hydroxytyrosol and alcohol as an indirect promoter of endogenous hydroxytyrosol generation. This trial was registered at controlled-trials.com/isrctn/ as ISRCTN 35739639.