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Lactotripeptides do not lower ambulatory blood pressure in untreated whites: results from 2 controlled multicenter crossover studies^1,2,3

¹ From the Unilever Food & Health Research Institute, Vlaardingen, Netherlands.

² Supported by Unilever Food & Health Research Institute, Vlaardingen, Netherlands.

³ Reprints not available. Address correspondence to LAJ van Mierlo, Unilever Food & Health Research Institute, Vlaardingen, Netherlands. E-mail: linda-van.mierlo{at}unilever.com.

ABSTRACT

Background: Dietary factors directly influence blood pressure (BP). The lactotripeptides (LTPs) IPP (isoleucine-proline-proline) and VPP (valine-proline-proline), formed by hydrolyzing dairy proteins, and potassium, a mineral mainly found in fruit, vegetables, and dairy products, are extensively studied for their BP-lowering effect. The efficacy of LTPs seems modest in whites compared with that in Asians.

Objective: The objective was to study the effects of enzymatically produced LTPs alone or in combination with potassium on ambulatory BP in whites.

Design: Two multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover studies were conducted; each consisted of two 4-wk intervention periods separated by a 4-wk washout period. In study 1, 69 subjects received 200 g/d of a dairy drink with 5.8 mg IPP and 4.4 mg VPP or placebo. In study 2, 93 subjects received 100 g/d of a dairy drink with 2.7 mg IPP, 1.9 mg VPP, and 350 mg added potassium or placebo. The subjects were randomly assigned according to their daytime ambulatory BP.

Results: Mean 24-h systolic and diastolic BP (baseline values study 1: 137.1/81.6 mm Hg; study 2: 139.2/80.9 mm Hg) remained similar with no significant differences between treatments in either study (P > 0.10). Office BP decreased over the course of both studies (SBP > 5 mm Hg), but differences between interventions were not significant (P > 0.10). In both studies nighttime BP dipped during all treatments (15%), statistically significantly more with placebo (P < 0.05). Sodium excretion increased significantly after consumption of LTPs and potassium compared with after placebo intervention (P = 0.01), but not after consumption of LTPs alone.

Conclusion: The data do not support a BP-lowering effect of LTPs in whites.

Received for publication September 30, 2008. Accepted for publication November 14, 2008.