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Fasting and postprandial markers of inflammation in lean and overweight children^1,2,3

¹ From the Department of Nutrition Sciences (JAA, PBH, JRF, and BAG), General Clinical Research Center (JAA, RAO, and BED), and Department of Medicine (RAO), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

² Supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01-DK067426), the Clinical Nutrition Research Center (P30-DK56336), the General Clinical Research Center (M01-RR-00032), and the American Heart Association (AHA-515149B).

³ Reprints not available. Address correspondence to JA Alvarez, University of Alabama at Birmingham, JT 1502, 625 19th Street S, Birmingham, AL 35249. E-mail: jalvar2{at}uab.edu.

ABSTRACT

Background: Overweight children have greater circulating concentrations of markers of inflammation (MOI) than do lean children. Whether adiposity influences the postprandial MOI response is unknown.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relations of fasting and postprandial MOI with total and regional adiposity and insulin sensitivity in children.

Design: Fifty-nine children aged 7–12 y were assessed for C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 (sTNF-R2) in the fasted state and after a mixed meal. Insulin sensitivity, body composition, and abdominal adipose tissue distribution were assessed with a frequently sampled intravenous-glucose-tolerance test, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and computed tomography, respectively.

Results: Central adipose measures were not independently associated with fasting MOI, although they were independently inversely associated with the postprandial sTNF-R2 response (r = –0.30 to –0.37, P = 0.02–0.006). The inverse association between intraabdominal adipose tissue and the postprandial CRP response was nearly significant (r = –0.27, P = 0.05). Insulin sensitivity was not associated with fasting or postprandial CRP or sTNF-R2; however, there was a positive relation between insulin sensitivity and fasting IL-6 (r = 0.27, P = 0.03), which was attenuated after adjustment for lean body mass (r = 0.25, P = 0.08).

Conclusions: Excess adiposity is associated with both fasting and postprandial MOI. The postprandial MOI response may be influenced by central adiposity in children. The positive association of insulin sensitivity with IL-6 warrants further study.

Received for publication September 4, 2008. Accepted for publication January 8, 2009.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. Thompson and N. Dixon Measurement of postprandial interleukin-6 by using a catheter: what does it tell us? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2009; 90(5): 1446 - 1446. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A Alvarez, P. B Higgins, J. R Fernandez, B. A Gower, R. A Oster, and B. E Darnell Reply to D Thompson and N Dixon Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2009; 90(5): 1446 - 1447. [Full Text] [PDF]