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This Article Full Text (Publish Ahead of Print[PDF]) All Versions of this Article: 89/3/801    most recent ajcn.2008.27011v1 Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Votruba, S. B Articles by Krakoff, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Votruba, S. B Articles by Krakoff, J. Agricola Articles by Votruba, S. B Articles by Krakoff, J.

Morning ghrelin concentrations are not affected by short-term overfeeding and do not predict ad libitum food intake in humans^1,2,3

¹ From the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ (SBV and JK); the Obesity Research Centre/Genome Research Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH (HK and MT); and the Kronos Longevity Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ (ADS).

² Supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, NIDDK.

³ Reprints not available. Address correspondence to SB Votruba, Obesity & Diabetes Clinical Research Section, NIDDK/NIH/DHHS, 4212 North 16th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85016. E-mail: votrubas{at}mail.nih.gov.

ABSTRACT

Background: Ghrelin has a short-term orexigenic effect, but may also be a marker of food intake over time. We previously found an inverse association between ghrelin concentrations and food intake.

Objective: The objective was to determine whether the fasting plasma ghrelin concentration is related to food intake and whether the previous day's intake predicts the suppression of ghrelin.

Design: Sixty-nine nondiabetic adults (40 men) aged 33 ± 9 y were studied as inpatients at a Clinical Research Center. After 6 d of consuming a maintenance diet, the subjects self-selected their food from our vending machine system for 3 d. Total plasma ghrelin concentrations were measured every morning during the vending machine period.

Results: The fasting ghrelin concentration was negatively correlated with body mass index (r = –0.31, P = 0.016) and weight (r = –0.26, P = 0.044). Mean morning ghrelin concentrations remained constant (149 ± 59, 152 ± 60, 148 ± 61, and 145 ± 59 pg/mL on days 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively) even though the subjects overate while using the vending machines (160 ± 42% of weight-maintenance needs). No associations were found between daily ghrelin concentrations and subsequent food intake on any day (day 1: r = –0.04, P = 0.76; day 2: r = –0.01, P = 0.95; day 3: r = –0.11, P = 0.38). Suppression of total ghrelin concentrations was not associated with the previous day's intake or with subsequent food intake.

Conclusion: Morning plasma ghrelin concentrations do not affect acute increases in food intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00342732.

Received for publication September 23, 2008. Accepted for publication December 9, 2008.