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This Article Full Text (Publish Ahead of Print[PDF]) All Versions of this Article: 89/4/1037    most recent ajcn.2008.27140v1 Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Fung, T. T Articles by Hu, F. B Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Fung, T. T Articles by Hu, F. B Agricola Articles by Fung, T. T Articles by Hu, F. B

Sweetened beverage consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in women^1,2,3,4

¹ From Simmons College, Boston, MA (TTF); the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (TTF, VM, WCW, and FBH); the Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (KMR, JEM, WCW, and FBH); the Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JEM); and the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (JEM, WCW and FBH).

² Partial results of this analysis were presented as a poster at the 2007 American Heart Association Scientific Sessions.

³ Supported by NIH grants HL60712, HL34594, DK58845, and CA87969.

⁴ Address reprint requests and correspondence to TT Fung, Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, 300 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail: fung{at}simmons.edu.

ABSTRACT

Background: Previous studies have linked full-calorie sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with greater weight gain and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

Objective: We prospectively examined the association between consumption of SSBs and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in women.

Design: Women (n = 88,520) from the Nurses' Health Study aged 34–59 y, without previously diagnosed coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, or diabetes in 1980, were followed from 1980 to 2004. Consumption of SSBs was derived from 7 repeated food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) administered between 1980 and 2002. Relative risks (RRs) for CHD were calculated by using Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for known cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Results: During 24 y of follow-up, we ascertained 3105 incident cases of CHD (nonfatal myocardial infarction and fatal CHD). After standard and dietary risk factors were adjusted for, the RRs (and 95% CIs) of CHD according to categories of cumulative average of SSB consumption (<1/mo, 1–4/mo, 2–6/wk, 1/d, and 2 servings/d) were 1.0, 0.96 (0.87, 1.06), 1.04 (0.95, 1.14), 1.23 (1.06, 1.43), and 1.35 (1.07, 1.69) (P for trend < 0.001). Additional adjustment for body mass index, energy intake, and incident diabetes attenuated the associations but they remained significant. Artificially sweetened beverages were not associated with CHD.

Conclusion: Regular consumption of SSBs is associated with a higher risk of CHD in women, even after other unhealthful lifestyle or dietary factors are accounted for.

Received for publication October 20, 2008. Accepted for publication January 7, 2009.

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