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Highlights of Recent Research

July 2009

• Nitrates and Nitrites—Naughty or Nice?
  Researchers critically examine whether nitrates and nitrites, currently considered hazardous to human health, should instead be considered nutrients.
  
• Following the Dietary Guidelines May Slow Heart Disease in Women
  Study supports usefulness of following advice put forth in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans in women at risk of heart disease.
  
• Study Supports Benefits of Iron Supplementation in Females Soldiers
  Women serving in the military likely to benefit both physically and cognitively from iron supplementation and provision of iron-rich foods.
  
• A Calorie Is a Calorie in Terms of Weight Loss but Maybe Not Heart Health
  Very-low-carbohydrate diets may be as effective as their low-fat counterparts in helping individuals lose weight, but are there differential effects on cardiovascular health?
  

June 2009

• Understanding Energy Balance—Not as Simple as One Might Expect
  Scientists provide evidence that the “energy gap” may be greater than previously suspected.
  
• DNA Shortening May Be Lessened by Multivitamin Supplements
  Users of multivitamin supplements may experience less DNA damage on daily basis.
  
• Optimal Protein Intake in Infancy Still Debated
  Two independent German studies examine whether protein form or concentration in infant formula should be altered.
  
• Researchers Determine That Golden Rice Is an Effective Source of Vitamin A
  Human study finds that Golden Rice (a genetically modified plant) provides highly bioavailable ß-carotene and may represent an effective food in combating vitamin A deficiency.
  

May 2009

• Diet and Colorectal Cancer—A Complex Case for Scientists
  Three independent studies suggest that various diet components may be important factors in colorectal cancer, but this puzzle has many pieces.
  
• Researchers Conclude: Avoiding Sweetened Drinks May Help Weight Loss
  Passing on even one sugar-sweetened beverage each day may help in weight reduction in overweight adults.
  
• Breastfeeding—Some Things Are Not Better in Moderation
  International team of nutrition researchers provides convincing evidence that exclusive breastfeeding, even in lower-risk African women, improves infant health.
  
• Replacing Saturated Fats with Polyunsaturated Fats Best Bet for Heart
  Using a pooled data set from 11 previously conducted human studies, scientists conclude that replacing saturated fatty acids with polyunsaturated fatty acids (not carbohydrates or monounsaturated fatty acids) may be most heart-healthy.